Category Archives: 靈修筆記

屬靈盛宴

⸺記華神啟示錄課程

李芳英

正值感恩節的月份,週二教會禱告夜感恩分享時刻,繼勇長老簡短分享他為完成華神暑假在教會開的啟示錄課程感恩,得了兩個神學學分,從課程中看到神拯救的宏大計劃,並體會神對我們的大愛。相信他道出許多上這門課同學們的心聲與感恩。我非常慶幸,在諸多考量與猶豫中,抵不過內心深深的渴望,破釜沉舟報名上課,感恩收穫超過所求所想。

選課的掙扎

一直以來我有個在錫安主日學分享啟示錄課程的願望,尤其在疫情之後。然而渴望是一回事,我自知缺乏足夠裝備來分享這卷書。2022年九月,吳存仁博士就在華神推廣部開啟示錄課程,我也向推廣部要了課程簡介與要求。那時計劃八月中返台七週,我思量再三,未敢貿然選課,心中不無遺憾。今年暑假六月我在華神推廣部選修原生家庭與人際關係的輔導課程。後來得知吳存仁博士要在教會開啟示錄課程,蠻期待的。只是想到課程要求包括一本《千禧年四觀》書摘與書評,兩篇解經報告,加上十天的密集課程,課程完後正是我輔導課兩項作業和兩篇報告陸續要交的日期,內心相當糾結。並且,九月是教會事工與聚會週期的開始,許多服事需要預備。我掙扎了一段時間,想到盼望已久的心願,能實體與弟兄姊妹切磋,與老師面對面學習,終究在靠近選課截止日期前下定決心報名,思忖最遭的情況是報告未能及時完成,放棄學分,但我會對啟示錄有更正確的理解。在老師的寬容與恩典中,兩篇解經報告改成一篇,我總算順利完成課程要求,拿到兩個學分。

讀書破萬卷,下筆如有神

“讀書破萬卷,下筆如有神”是唐朝大詩人杜甫的名句。將此名句稍加修改成:“研經破萬卷,授課如有神”,可以描述吳存仁牧師十天的啟示錄密集課程。我在華神上了不少課程,啟示錄是唯一沒有講義、上課幾乎沒有投影片、但我也沒有一刻想打盹的神學課。老師思路清晰,侃侃而談,從創世記說起“必要快成的事”,就是舊約所有關於耶穌基督的啟示與預言,將復活的主關乎末世之末時與末事的信息,和正在面對嚴峻逼迫的教會所說的話,向我們闡明。老師從辨識書卷的歷史情境、文學結構、神學背景以及多樣性的神學意圖起首,將整卷啟示錄系統化歸納講解,並凸顯此書時代性的信息。我瞭解:(一)耶穌給小亞細亞七教會的書信是按著發生在各教會的背景與經歷說話,當代教會能深刻體會領悟。(二)啟示錄諸多經文與舊約有關連。(三)經文的結構包括啟示錄經文中重要場景的起始⸺“我被聖靈感動”,“我又看見”,諸多不同場景的轉換,七印七號七碗中間幾個插段,插段的目的與前後經文的鑰辭與關聯。(四)重要的認知是約翰依序描述他在異象中見到的次序,不表示事件發生的時序。(五)啟示文學象徵性的文字、數目與重覆描述的詞彙有屬靈的特殊意義,不能都按字面解釋。(六)啟示錄中的神學與神藉這卷書啟示的心意。啟示錄不再是幾個不同的主題,而是有其連貫的意義,而切換的異象與插段都是互相連貫、彼此互補的。老師的講解極為寶貴,句句皆珠璣,上完啟示錄課程,我書寫筆記的原子筆墨水也用盡了!

啟示錄神學

吳老師一再強調只對經文熟悉是不夠的,若不能從經文架構成神學,則不足以應付今日世界對信仰的挑戰。從老師的講課和教科書,我歸納我所理解啟示錄的核心思想: 

  1. 神是歷史的掌權者。雖允許魔鬼及其黨羽困獸猶鬥,暫時勝過祂的僕人、子民,但祂在凡事始終掌權。在神所定的時刻,祂為殉道者申冤,按公義施行審判。啟示錄中預言的災難與魔鬼及其黨羽暫時的困獸猶鬥有關。
  2. 耶穌基督在十架上已得勝。祂代贖有罪的世人,因祂藉著死敗壞那掌死權的魔鬼(來2:14)。祂死而復活,勝過黑暗死亡罪惡的權勢,殉道者加入且延續基督勝利的行列,他們的死亡成為他們征服牠的勝利。
  3. 耶穌基督教導“不要害怕那殺身體的,因牠不能殺靈魂”(太10:28)。殉道者身體被殺,但神保守他們的靈魂,神看聖民之死極為寶貴(詩116:15)。耶穌基督給小亞細亞七間教會的書信,一再嘉獎信徒忍耐,勉勵他們至死忠心,應許得勝者的賞賜。帝王/偶像崇拜的時代處境帶給第一世紀信徒極大迫害與威脅,耶穌基督啟示使徒約翰的啟示錄勉勵他們心存盼望,持守信心,努力地度過當世,並呼召基督徒在忠於基督或羅馬皇帝之間做一個抉擇。這也適用在今日信徒的時代。這些書信對今日不冷不熱的基督徒有很深的警惕,對不少地區受異教徒政權與社會家庭的迫害的基督徒有很大的勉勵。
  4. 悖逆的世人與神為敵,即使在苦難中也不悔改,反倒褻瀆神(啟9:20-21; 16:8-11)。但神仍不斷給予機會回轉歸向神。啟示錄第11章描述世人的剛硬與世人因殉道者的復活,畏懼,歸榮耀給神。“悔改”也是七封書信一再出現的主題。
  5. 在人類始祖亞當夏娃犯罪時,撒旦篡奪神所交付給人管理的尊榮。基督成就救恩,死而復活,拿回先前被篡奪的尊榮。撒旦雖敗戰,但戰爭沒有停止,這是大災難的緣由之一,也持續到末日哈米及多頓之戰。此外,大災難是末時臨近時,神給尚未決定接受救恩者最後的通牒。大淫婦的刑罰和巴比倫的傾倒便是神追討拒絕救恩者結局的寫照。
  6. 神始終掌權。在所定末日的時刻,耶穌基督要以口中利劍擊殺列國,用鐵杖轄管他們,並要踹全能神烈怒的酒醡。至終,神的子民在新天新地與神同住,而魔鬼與牠的跟從者,就是持續悖逆,不接受基督的人,要在火湖中承受永遠的刑罰。

千禧年四觀

課程要求之一是課前完成《千禧年四觀》的書摘與書評。在老師的指導下,上課的同學們分為四組,每組完成其中一觀的書摘,各人寫一篇此觀的書評,並在最後一天每組做15分鐘的報告與Q&A。這項要求促成同學間的互動與交流,成就同學們對千禧年不同觀點的認識並思忖個人自己的立場。研讀書本,擷取重點,分組討論,歸納書摘,分享報告,給予書評,回答疑點,老師點評,讀說寫、心腦嘴耳並用,誠然是最佳學習之道,果效立顯。

課堂拾穗

等價期待 “在新約恩典時代,得救是本乎恩因着信、並不是出於自己、乃是神所賜的;也不是出於行為、免得人自誇”(弗2:7-8)。吳老師提出一個很好的問題:神是否在人領受恩典之時,對人有期盼。答案是施恩者對受恩者有“對價期待”。“領受聖靈者”要“順服聖靈”,這是施恩者對受恩者的期待。受恩者有責任滿足施恩者的期待。新約裡,每個人憑信心回應救恩,在眾人面前宣告,並需以行動表明“得救見證”。信耶穌是要背起十架跟隨基督的腳蹤行。

稱義成聖 你是否認為以信心回應基督的救恩時就得以“稱義”,而“成聖”是“因信稱義”以後靈命成長的過程? 吳老師指正“稱義”與“成聖”是兩個概念,而非靈程的進展。“稱義”是關係,本與神無關係的信徒,如今藉著耶穌基督可以與神親近。“成聖”是分別,先前與神無關的人,如今可以從聖靈領受恩賜與能力,慢慢塑出美好生命,可以為神所用。

未雨綢繆 吳牧師提到他全心全時服事以為甘甜,對他人評論他生活枯燥幾乎無法享受度假不以為意。 我印象特別深刻是牧師談到他未交女友,已把交友,戀愛,結婚,和家庭有關的書籍都讀過了。未有孩子,已把育兒和教養孩子到幾歲的書籍也都讀遍了。我一則佩服牧師好學未雨綢繆的生命品格與生活操練,另一則遺憾為何沒早早聽到這些見證。難怪牧師上課娓娓道來,從舊約到新約一氣呵成融會貫通,不需投影片的提醒。這可是牧師多年讀經、研經、靈修、默想累積在他生命骨子裡的。當然,老師是神的工作,在基督耶穌裡造成的。猶如先知耶利米,未造在母腹中,神已曉得,未出母胎,神已分別為聖。在華神課程中,除真理的學習,往往受益於屬靈生命的見證與榜樣,更有聖靈恩膏的流暢,有如貴重的油、澆在老師的頭上,流到鬍鬚,又流到他的衣襟,也流及聽課的同學們。

器皿自省 吳牧師論及他建造教會同工與揀選同工的要求,一年讀完聖經一遍和十一奉獻是不可缺的。宣教年會的講員Kenny也強調我們要先與神在一起,才與聖靈同工。器皿的工作不是神首先看中的,器皿的所是才是神所寶貝的。神藉先知撒母耳告誡百姓“聽命勝於獻祭、順從勝於公羊的脂油”(撒15:22)。我們羨慕善工的,要在主裡先分別為聖,預備自己,對聖靈敏銳,順從聖靈的帶領,有生活的見證。

結語

華神的課程,學生除了課堂上真理的收穫,老師生命見證的影響,老師所列的教科書與參考書都是極為寶貴的,完成作業的要求更是錦上添花。藉著啟示錄課程我了解此書卷的主旨、結構、脈絡、神學、經文的意義,與舊約的關係。當然,仍有諸多解經不確定之處,但可以有自己的觀點。很高興錫安主日學的教導同工朱元德弟兄也上了這門課。我現在有勇氣在錫安主日學與我們的長輩們分享啟示錄。

書摘:無千禧年派

程季芳、鄔齊輝、王繼勇、劉朝暉

2023年8月,中華福音神學院的吳存仁教授來CBCGB講授《啟示錄》的神學課,其中的一個作業就是以小組形式完成《千禧年四觀》的讀書摘要和個人的書評。以下是對《千禧年四觀》中加爾文神學院(Calvin Theological Seminary)的侯克馬教授(Professor Anthony A. Hoekema)“無千禧年派”要點的書摘。希望借此書摘,給教會的弟兄姐妹對現在的聖經學者中有關千禧年的觀點有一個初步的接觸和了解。

文章提綱:1. 啟示錄的解釋問題;2. 啟示錄20:1-6的解釋;3. 查考舊約中常被視為預言的上千年國度的兩段經文;4. 簡述無千禧年派的末世論;5. 無千禧年派末世論要點的總論。

前述:對“無千禧年派”這個名稱的解釋:並不是不相信任何千禧年,而是不相信基督再來之後會有字義上的一千年地上王權的出現。無千禧年派認為,啟示錄20章論到的千禧年絕不是只發生在未來,而是現今已逐步實現了的。

啟示錄的解釋問題:採用“漸進平行法”的理論,認為啟示錄一書包括七段平行的經文,每段都在描寫基督第一次降臨到祂第二次來之間,教會和世界所發生的事。它們的內容彼此平行相對,但還是有某種程度的末世性漸進啟示。事情的記載次序,不一定是事情發生的時序。

啟示錄20:1-6的解釋:這是聖經中唯一清楚提到千年王權的一處經文,可以明顯地分為兩個部分:1-3節描寫撒旦被捆綁;4-6節講論許多靈魂與基督作王一千年。

1-3節撒旦被捆綁,是指我們所處的福音時代,撒旦的權勢雖然確實尚未消滅淨盡,但其權勢已受剝奪,他無法阻攔福音傳到世界各方。一千年也是象徵性的,代表一段完全的時期,一段非常長的中介時期。

4-6節乃是描寫死去信徒的靈魂在天上與基督同掌王權。這段治理的期限,從他們死亡起直到基督再來為止。

舊約預言的解釋:無千禧年派相信,舊約預言中有許多經文都要按字義解釋,但還有許多也必須按非字義的方式來解釋。作者用以賽亞書11:6-9,和65:17-25兩段經文來舉例說明了這個觀點。

簡述無千禧年派的末世論:對無千禧年派的批評是認為它太消極。但其實無派的立場是“穩重而切實際的樂觀主義”。無千禧年派的末世論的要點包括兩個方面:1. 與“已開始的末世論”有關;2. 涉及未來的末世論。

“已開始的末世論”包括:1. 基督已經完全勝了罪惡、死亡和撒旦;2. 神的國包括現今和未來;3. 雖然世界末日仍在未來,但我們如今已處在末後的日子;4. 論到啟示錄20章的一千年,我們現今就處在這千禧年裡。

未來末世論:1. “末時的徵兆”是與現今和未來都有關係的;2. 基督再來是單純的一個事件;3. 基督再來時,將發生全面性的復活,包括信與不信的都在內;4. 復活之後,當時仍存活的信徒將會突然改變,得榮耀;5. 所有信徒“被提”是一瞬間發生的事;6. 其後緊隨的就是末後的審判;7. 審判之後即引進最後的永世光景。

無千禧年派末世論的含義:1. 舊約和新約之所以連為一體,在於恩典之約的一致性;2. 神的國度是人類歷史的中心;3. 基督耶穌是歷史的主;4. 整個歷史的進展要邁向一個目標:宇宙整體的救贖。

總之,無千禧年派末世論是樂觀的——基督徒的樂觀:沒有一個世界危機是無可救藥的,也沒有一項社會危機是絕無挽回的可能的。基督徒滿有盼望地生活——這盼望建立在信心上,藉著愛彰顯出來。

活出見證的人生 

⸺關於信與行為的思考

駱興菊

“因信稱義”與行為的關係,是困擾許多基督徒的議題。我曾經困擾過,也曾經為無法向身處困擾中的弟兄姊妹解釋清楚而自責。多年以後,隨著生命的經歷,這個問題早已不是問題,突然想以靈修筆記的方式記錄下來,看看自己能不能講清楚,甚至期待可以幫助有這樣困擾的弟兄姊妹理清思路。

“因信稱義”是基督教信仰的核心思想和基石。聖經上說:“你若口裡認耶穌為主,心裡信神叫他從死裡復活,就必得救。因為人心裡相信,就可以稱義;口裡承認,就可以得救。”(羅馬書 10:9-10)尤其是希伯來書11:1 “信是所望之事的實底,是未見之事的確據”,成熟的基督徒讀到這節經文會不由地感慨:總結的太好了!但對於慕道友或初信者來說,卻很難產生共鳴。尤其是接受過高等教育的知識分子,若沒有在生命中親身經歷神的恩典(愛),很難真正接受。

初信之時,對於理科出身又愛問為什麼的我來說,一句簡簡單單的“你信就行了”,成了我最大的困擾。“天下沒有白吃的午餐”這句話,在華人文化中是個充滿智慧的提醒”。真的信就夠了嗎?“我配嗎?”,“心裡沒底啊!”

當人的理性佔據主導地位的時候,一個個類似的問題就冒出來了。再加上如果信主前後,感受不到生命的任何變化,心裡更是沒有得救的確據,甚至懷疑自己“我真的信了嗎?” 內心深處感覺沒有為神做點什麼兒什麼似乎哪裡不對。

雅各書2:17“這樣,信心若沒有行為就是死的”,第一次讀到這一節經文彷彿找到了知音。是啊,信和行為是不可分割的一體兩面啊!信心是行為的先導,行為是信心的明證,不存在沒有行為的信心。

當然不是為了證明自己有信心而去做出好行為,而是因為信心必然帶出好行為,是自然而然的,沒有一絲勉強的,甚至不做反而渾身不舒服。既然這樣,為什麼初信者常常因為感受不到行為(生命)的改變而灰心甚至自我懷疑呢?是沒有信心嗎?不是完全沒有,應該說信心太小,小到自己都感受不到。所以不要自我懷疑,而是要禱告求神加增自己的信心,有多大的信心必然帶出與之相配的行為。

“因信稱義”指明,得救是神的恩典,不是因著我們的行為。既然如此,行為在基督徒的生命中又有怎樣的地位呢?基督徒可以沒有行為嗎?路加福音23:42-43 “耶穌啊,你得國降臨的時候,求你紀念我!”耶穌對他說:“我實在告訴你:今日你要同我在樂園裡了。” 有人引用與耶穌同釘十字架的這個強盜為例,證明得救不需要行為只要信,行為是得救以後的事,與得救無關,只與成聖有關。

這種說法貌似有理,實則謬以千里。首先,把信心和行為完全分割開來是不對的,也是沒有辦法完全分割開的。以這個強盜為例,他得救是因著信,也是透過他說的話(行為)表明出來的。其次,如果把信和行為分割開來,會讓很多弟兄姊妹軟弱。我曾聽過“我得救就夠了,成聖讓有追求的人去做吧。”相信有類似想法的基督徒不在少數,這絕對是從那惡者來的,真的要警醒,要反思啊!

既然我們不是信主後馬上被主接走,或者說不是臨死之前才信主(關於早信主和臨死前信主,哪一個更有福,是另一個有趣的話題),我們信主後活著的意義是什麼?保羅說:“……現在活著的不再是我,乃是基督在我裡面活著……”(加拉太書2:20)

每當想起基督在我裡面活著,心裡就湧起一股感動,甚至忍不住有眼淚流下來。基督在我裡面活著,除了過好自己的小日子之外(這很重要!),在被主接走之前,我們還有更大的使命⸺榮耀神的名!效法基督,活出見證的人生,這就是基督徒活著意義!

所以我們不是關在家裡自我研讀(修行),而是走出去,走進教會,走進團契,走進社區……,將我們因著信從神那裡領受的愛活出來,讓生命的活水藉著我們源源不絕的流出來,讓人看見我們的好行為也願意來認識親近這位神,將當得的榮耀和讚美歸給至高神!阿門!

豈能不愛惜

邵健

聖經中有一篇短小精悍的書卷──約拿書,神卻藉著它向我們傳遞了豐富的信息和愛──對先知約拿的愛、對尼尼微人的愛、乃至對我們和全世界人的愛,正像父親對兒女的愛一樣。藉著這本書卷,我們可以進一步認識神那“善良、純全、可喜悅的旨意”(羅馬書12:2)。在約拿書中,神給我們的重要信息有三點,敘述如下:

約拿書記載了一件前所未有的神奇事件。有一位先知名叫約拿,一日神差遣他去當時亞述帝國的首都尼尼微,向其中的居民呼喚、傳悔改的道;約拿卻抗拒神的差遣,試圖從海上逃往遙遠的他施躲避耶和華。神使用海中風暴來攔阻他,至船員將其拋至海中。之後神令大魚將其吞下;他在大魚腹中三日三夜後被吐出到旱地。這次約拿自知逃不過,於是按照神的命令到尼尼微城宣告神的話。哪知原本三日才能走完的大城,約拿只進城走了一日,尼尼微竟然從上到下全城悔改了,並且神見他們離開惡道,就不把所說的災禍降與他們了!從約拿發出的禱告來看,他的靈魂很有可能已經去了陰間(拿2:2)。然而神有祂的計劃,使他復活去執行神的救贖。這與新約裡神兒子的復活救贖計劃相呼應。實際上在馬太福音12章40節中,主耶穌正是提及了約拿這個故事,顯明了這是基督三日三夜死而復活的預表。

第二個重要的信息是從約拿試圖逃脫神的差遣來看,並不是每個先知都是自願受差遣的。約拿就給我們展現了一個任性不服管束的例子。他不願意的原因是因爲尼尼微是亞述帝國的首都,不但對於以色列是外邦人,更是苦待以色列的敵人。約拿不願意傳悔改的道給殘忍的敵人,因爲他知道神是“有恩典、有憐憫的神,不輕易發怒,有豐盛的慈愛,並且後悔不降所說的災”(拿4:2)。而當尼尼微人竟然悔改、從而得神赦免了之後,約拿就更加生氣了。當約拿硬著頸項向神發脾氣、甚至於無理頂撞神,像一個無知的孩子一樣說:“我發怒以至於死,都合乎理!”(拿4:9)神卻像慈父一樣耐心,用一顆蓖麻樹來向他解釋。

第三個重要的信息是,神不光是以色列的神,也是外邦人、以及全世界的神。祂對外邦人一樣有審判和救贖的計劃。神對尼尼微人的愛濃縮在全書的最後一句:“何況這尼尼微大城,其中不能分辨左手右手的有十二萬多人,並有許多牲畜,我豈能不愛惜呢?”(拿4:11)這句話是全書的點睛之筆,我每每讀到都會動容──想到我們何嘗不是“不能分辨左手右手”之人呢?我們也曾經在世上有如孤兒,不知道自己的家在哪裡、也不認識創造自己的父親,茫茫人海中流離失所而不自知。像主耶穌所說:“你們的心信得太遲鈍了”(路24:25)。

今天,我們正像尼尼微人一樣,受到天父的召喚。然而天父並不因我們遲鈍的信心而責罰我們,反而通過整本聖經來反覆向我們傳遞祂厚厚的恩典和愛(詩116:7 “我的心哪!你要仍歸安樂,因為耶和華用厚恩待你”)。弟兄姊妹們,你們看到我們的慈父不斷遞過來的慈繩愛索了嗎(何11:4)?你聽到父晝夜對你的呼喚嗎:“你們轉回,轉回吧!離開惡道,何必死亡呢?”(結33:11)這個呼喚最終轉變爲救贖的恩典,被神的獨生子耶穌基督捨命的愛成全圓滿;讓所有信靠祂的人都得以轉離罪惡、歸向永生。

作者屬青橄欖團契

責任編輯:楊曉玲

耶穌哭了

邵健

約翰福音11章,記載了主耶穌使死人拉撒路復活的神蹟。這可能是聖經上記載的(除主耶穌自己之外)最大的使死人復活的神蹟,也直接導致了猶太人殺害主耶穌的決心。之前主也曾使兩個死人復活,拿因城寡婦的兒子復活,和管會堂的睚魯之女復活,但是這個復活的神蹟則更升了一級,因爲主聽到拉撒路病了的消息之後,又等待了兩天,直到拉撒路死亡之後四天才到那裏。而且主明說,這是故意而爲,“這是為你們的緣故,好叫你們相信”(15節)。主耶穌要藉著這個神蹟,顯示祂一個重要的本性⸺祂是真正的生命之主(“復活在我,生命也在我。I am the resurrection and the life.(25節)”)。

之前兩個復活的神蹟,都是在剛剛死去或死後不久,按猶太人的傳統,人的靈魂還沒有離開,身體還新鮮,相對來講復活比較“容易”。然而這一次,連一直聲稱“相信”的馬大,當耶穌真的說“把石頭挪開”的時候,都不由得阻攔說“他必是臭了”。這真是“不可能”中的“不可能”;生命的主不但能夠使人復活,而且可以隨意賜予生命,哪怕是當肉體已經腐爛的時候,也能令瞬間生出新的細胞(列王記下5:14 “於是乃縵下去,照着神人的話,在約旦河裏沐浴七回;他的肉復原,好像小孩子的肉,他就潔淨了。”)

第35節“耶穌哭了”可能是聖經中最短的經文,中文四個字,英文只有兩個單詞“Jesus wept”。耶穌爲什麼哭?猶太人以爲他是因爲愛死去的拉撒路,其實不然,因爲祂顯然知道拉撒路幾分鐘之後必然復活。在哭之前,“耶穌看見她哭,並看見與她同來的猶太人也哭,就心裏悲歎,又甚憂愁”(33節)。聯繫前後文,我們可以猜想,主耶穌是因爲看到眾人都因爲不信而哭泣;即便行了復活的神蹟之後,猶太人還是愚頑,“從那日起,他們就商議要殺耶穌”(53節);頑梗愚昧的心使主爲之憂愁憐憫而流淚。

聖經中有兩個拉撒路⸺一個是真實復活的拉撒路;另一個是主耶穌比喻中財主和乞丐拉撒路的故事(路16)。值得回味的是,在那個比喻中,主已經暗指了後來復活的神蹟⸺財主請求亞伯拉罕派拉撒路復活回到地上傳道給他的弟兄們,好讓他們得救,不至於到地獄受苦。然而亞伯拉罕說(其實是主說):“若不聽從摩西和先知的話,就是有一個從死裡復活的,他們也是不聽勸。”(路16:31)果然,在後面真實復活的拉撒路神蹟之後,“他們也是不聽勸”,以至殺了那生命的主;甚至後來耶穌自己在十字架捨命之後,第三天復活,他們仍然不信祂。 (使徒行傳 3:15 “你們殺了那生命的主,神卻叫他從死裏復活了;我們都是為這事作見證。”)

約翰福音11章的經文,讓我們真正地信服(馬可福音 11:22 耶穌回答說:“你們當信服神。”)⸺主耶穌就是那生命的主;祂是所有生命的源頭;祂的話語永不會落空。

作者屬青橄欖團契

責任編輯:楊曉玲

Daily Prayer with the Scripture  

Anna Zhou

Preface. During the past few days, responding to the urgent calls from beloved Muslim sister,we are comforted by the hymn: Forever Love Has Loved Me, based on the scripture Jer.31:3. The other pieces were prayerful notes of walking with three more patients and their loved ones. 

Observe the eternal blood covenant of love,till we see Lord Christ Jesus. Heb. 13:20

Indeed, in prayer with the Scripture before dawn, the Lord bestowed spiritual food to quench my hungry and thirsty soul. When we cried out for help in urgent needs, we are upheld in His love with our old age and grey hairs. His word shed the Light of Life, cleansing and curing us. His grace is sufficient for our daily living. Is 46:3-4, 2 Cor.12:9.

1.Live before God, fixing my eyes on Christ

    · Lord Jesus said:No one is good,except God alone. Mark 10:18

    · Calm my heart, being enlightened, sanctify myself for Lord’s special use.   Tim 2:21

2.The Bible in prayerful seeking heart, soothe my hungry and thirsty and cure my weakness 

    · Lord Jesus’ words are life and the Spirit. John 6:63

    · Gaining His life,anointing the Holy Spirit,being a new creation daily. 2 Cor.5:17

    · My praises of the Lord are from my Lord. In awe, I worship You Lord. Ps 22:25

3. Practice Love daily to love the Lord and His beloved

    · Being surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses,we share Christ’s love. Heb 2:1

· Observe the eternal blood covenant of love,till see Lord Christ Jesus. Heb 13:20

During the past few days, responding to the urgent calls from the beloved Muslim sister, we are comforted by the hymn: Forever Love Has Loved Me, based on the scripture Jer.31:3. The other pieces were prayerful notes of walking with three more patients and their loved ones. 

Observe the eternal blood covenant of love,till see Lord Christ Jesus. Heb 13:20

20230825 Read the Scripture Deny Self Obey God(James 1:23-25)

1. Only hear God’s Word but does not do what God says is like someone looking at his face in a mirror.23

    ·God’s Word manifests oneself’s reality before God so to stimulate us to deny self more and obey God more. Luke 9:23

    · Reading the Scriptures for applying His Word to self. Not for judging others against His teachings. Matt 7:1; Is 58:9

2. After looking at oneself, going away and immediately forgets what oneself looks like.24

    · Immediately forgetting myself was, showing self without receiving it in heart to apply it in daily life.

3. Who looks intently into the perfect law that gives freedom, and continues in it, not forgetting what they have heard, but doing it; they will be blessed.25

· look into: fix one’s view on, stoop down and look into, Acts 17:11

    · The perfect law:God is perfect and is able to make the reader perfect.

    · The law of liberty:does not tie us up, but to make us free for service. John 8:32

    · This one will be blessed in what he does: showing God’s Word is of great effect to accomplish the good pleasure on those who do His Word will be blessed in what they do. Is. 55:11.

  (Bible in One Year:Lamentations 1-2)

202300824 New Life’s Nature Is Love(1 Peter 1:22-23)

1 Peter 1:22: Now that you have purified yourselves by obeying the truth so that you have sincere love for each other, love one another deeply,22

  1. Obedience to the truth is obedience to Christ. 2 Cor. 10:5;

    · Obedience to Christ is magnifying the Lord. Luke 1:46 

    · Let His peace rule over me. Col 3:15

  2. Daily life must start from the purification of my own heart,

    · All filthy words are uttered from heart Matt. 15:18

    · A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of. Luke 6:45

  3. Obey God to Love: from friendly love to the unconditional divine love; from sincere love to fervent love without falsehood

    · Let us not love with word, nor with tongue, but in deed and in truth.  1 John 3:18

1 Peter 1:23: For you have been born again, not of perishable seed, but of imperishable, through the living and enduring word of God.

  1. The word of God not only makes us reborn but also keeps our life. Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God. Matt. 4:4

  2. God’s Word is living and operative and sharper than any two-edged sword and is able to manifest and discern all. Heb. 4:12

  3. God’s Word is everlasting and abiding.  Matt 24:35; Isaiah 40:8.

 (Bible in One Year: Jeremiah 51-52)

20230823 My Heart’s Delight in God’s Word(Je. 15:15-16; Ez. 2:8,3:1-3;Ro 8:6;Job23:12;Ps119:103)

1. Two prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel: no matter how hard the situation might be, they had overcome so can we, for Lord’s Spirit indwelling, speaking His Word as spiritual food. Jer. 15:15-16

   · Weeping prophet Jeremiah was asking God to remember and save him in persecution and insults for God’s sake.15

   · When your words came, I ate them; they were my joy and my heart’s delight, for I bear your name, LORD God Almighty.16

2.Prophet Ezekiel listened to God’s Word.   Ez. 2:8,3:1-3

    · But you, son of man, listen to what I say to you. Do not rebel like rebellious people; open your mouth and eat what I give you.

    · Then he said to me, “Son of man, eat this scroll I am giving you and fill your stomach with it. So I ate it, and it tasted as sweet as honey in my mouth.

Thank you Lord for granting me Your Word. The mind governed by the flesh is death, but the mind governed by the Spirit is life and peace. making me treasured up the words of his mouth more than my necessary food. How sweet are thy words unto my taste! yea, sweeter than honey to my mouth! Ro 8:6; Job 23:12; Ps 119:103

(Bible in One Year: Jeremiah 49-50)

20230817 Scriptural Prayer(Col 1:11-13)

  1. Being strengthened with all power according to his glorious might so that you may have great endurance and patience,

   · Ask for Lord’s mercy:being strengthened with all power according to his glorious might,admitting I am weak physically and spiritually. 

   · Patience needs the power of faith, and longsuffering needs the power of love.

   · Joyful Patience and longsuffering in true loving heart.

  2. And giving joyful praises and thanks to the Father, who made us to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light / For he has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the kingdom of the Son he loves.12-13

   · Joyful Praising and thanksgiving the Almighty God  leads us to the summit of prayer,

   · Christ is the portion of all the saints, for sharing the possession and enjoyment of Christ’s Love.

   · Walking in Christ’s Light/being partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light. Eph 5:8-14

   · Sharing the grace with all the saints/learn to be fellow servants/coworkers. Col. 1:7; 4:7  .

  3. Scriptural prayer according to the above verses

   · Rejoice in the Lord always, even in hardship. Phil 4:4

   · Joyful heart is good medicine, and a sorrowful spirit dries up the bones. Prov.17:22

   · Thank God for giving us our Lord Christ as our model to follow His manner. Joyful is true love in obedience. Heb 12:2

(Bible in One Year:Jeremiah 28-30)

20230816 Prayerful Reading to Know God in Truth(Col. 1:9-10)

1. Since the day we heard about you, we have not stopped praying for you. We continually ask God to fill you with the knowledge of his will. 9

    · Once being saved, we seek to know God’s will. Not being fools, God delights in our knowing His will. Eph. 5:17

    · The primary purpose of prayers and supplications is not speaking to God but hearing God.

    · Spiritual growth is not out of man, but of God’s works.

    · Seeking in a humble heart to obtain the wisdom from the Above to deepen knowledge of God in truth. Matt. 11:25-26; James 3:17

    · If one is filled with the knowledge of God’s will in truth, his life must be led by the will of God.

2. So we may live a life worthy of the Lord and please him in every way: bearing fruit in every good work, growing in the knowledge of God. 10; Gal 5:22-23

    · We really desire to know God, not on reasoning or theory only, but shall obey God in our walk, knowing God’s will and practice in life.

    · Daily life is built on the knowledge of God in truth. Really know God to discern from the heresy and walk worthy of the Lord.

    · To walk worthy of the Lord, being in accordance with God’s will, not through his own judgment or zeal.

    · Growth due to the knowledge of God. Spiritual knowledge brings about spiritual growth with spiritual fruit in every good thing.

    · Our knowledge of God is increasing more and more gradually by daily accumulation step by step.

(Bible in One Year: Jeremiah 25-27)

20230815 Practice Love(Mark 12:30-31; Ro 12:9-21,13:8;1 John3:18; Matt 19:7; Eph 2:3;5:1; 1 Thes.5:16-18)

Practice love has three aspects:

  1. Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength/Love your neighbor as yourself. Mark 12:30-31

  2. Love one another toward members in God’s family. Ro 12:9-21

     · Let love be without hypocrisy. Abhor what is evil. Cling to what is good/no one but God is good, sanctify self /do everything in love from heart. 9; 1 John 3:18, Matt 19:7; Eph 5:1

     · Be kindly affectionate to one another with brotherly love, in honor giving preference to one another/in humility count others better than myself/more important than myself.10; Eph 2::3

     · No lagging in diligence, fervent in spirit, serving the Lord/ Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law.11;Ro 13:8

     · Rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation, continuing steadfastly in prayer/rejoice always, praying unceasingly, thanksgiving in everything.12; 1 Thes.5:16-18

  3. Treat outsiders/people with different opinions/the opponents with friendly respect.17-21

     · Amazing love: Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse/Wishing he well receiving eternal life in the Lord.14

    · Sympathetic love: Rejoice with those who rejoice.15

    · Humble love: Be of the same mind toward one another. Do not set your mind on high things.16

    · Modest love: Repay no one evil for evil. Have regard for good things in the sight of all men.17

  (Bible in One Year:Jeremiah 22-24)

20230814 Live before God(2 Peter 3:14-22; Pro. 10:8,17; Ps. 90:12,14)

Lord brings us to live before God. 

1. God’s will is to suffer for doing good. 14-17

    · Do not be afraid of suffering for the sake of righteousness.14

    · Sanctify the Lord Christ in heart.15

    · Keep a good conscience.16

    · Be willing to keep doing God’s will.17

2. Christ’s suffering for saving sinners.18-22

· Righteous suffered for the unrighteous sinners that He might bring us to God.18

· Though he died in the flesh, he was made alive by the Spirit.18

· Christ is at the right hand of God/all is made subject to Him.19-22

Prayer

   · Asking the wise of heart will receive commants/the one who is on the path of life follows Lord’s instruction. Proverbs 10:8,17

  · Teach us to number our days when we may get a heart of wisdom/Satisfy us in the morning with your unfailing love for keeping your commandments, that we may sing for joy and be glad all our days. Ps 90:12,14

(Bible in One Year:Jeremiah 18-21)

每日祷读・得賜灵粮

周安娜

【前言】这些日子以來,主所爱的穆斯林姐妹与三位危重者紧急呼求,我們得賜恩言。带来莫大安慰的圣诗《永远的爱已爱我》出自经文(耶31:3)。的確,吾人每日凌晨祷读,得主灵粮,解我灵饥渴。我们急難中呼求,同得主爱保抱到年老髮白。主的话天天光照洁净医治我们,主的恩典每天夠我們用。赛46:3-4, 林后12:9

1.活在神前,定睛基督.

·主説:除神一位之外,再沒有良善的。可10:18

·安静我心蒙光照,自潔合乎主用。提後2:21

2.寻求之心祷读神言,慰我饥渴并治我软弱。

·主的话就是灵,就是生命。约6:63

·得赐主生命,圣灵恩膏,天天做新造的人。林后5:17

·赞美主的话从主而来,我心敬畏敬拜我主。诗22:25

3.天天操练,愛主和愛主所爱。

·见证人如云围绕,同享基督之爱。来Heb 2:1

·守永約之血的愛,直到见主基督耶稣。

2023年8月25日 读经为舍己听神言 

雅1:23-25; 路9:23;太7:1;赛58:9; 徒17:11; 约8:32;赛55:11

  1. 听道不行道,像人对镜看己本来面目。23

·道即神言,显己在神前实际,更舍己听从神。路9:23

·用神言於己身;不論斷人不违主训。太Matt 7:1;賽Is 58:9

  2. 看见走后,随即忘我本相。24

·随即忘我本相:道没入心用于生活。

  3. 惟有详细察看那全备,使人自由之律法的,且时常如此,这人既不是听了就忘,乃是实在行出来,就在他所行的事上必得福。25

·详细察看:专心查经俯身查看。徒 17:11

·全备…之律法:神的道全備完美,成全行道者。

·使人自由之律法:不捆绑人,反因真理得自由以服事。 约 8:32

·在他所行事上必得福:神言大有功效,在行道者身上成就神美意,凡他所行必蒙福。赛55:11

(每年一遍: 哀1-2)

2023年8月24 日新生命本质是爱  

彼前1:22-23; 林后10:5; 路1:46; 西3:15; 太15:18; 路6:45; 约3:18; 太4:4;24:35;赛40:8.

你们既因顺从真理,洁净了自己的心,以致爱弟兄没有虚假,就当从心里,从清洁的心,彼此切实相爱。彼前1:22

  1.顺从真理是顺服基督。林后10:5 

·心里尊主为大。路1:46 

·让基督的平安作主掌管我。西 3:15

  2.洁净内心:每天生活从洁净己心开始。

·一切污秽言行,是从心发出来的。太15:18

·善人心里所存的善就发出善; 恶人从心里所存的恶就发出恶; 因心里充满的, 口里就说出来。路6:45

  3. 顺服神的爱:从亲爱到圣爱;真心无虚假的热爱。

·切实彼此相爱,不单在言语和口上,且在行为和诚实上。约3:18

你们蒙了重生,不是由于能坏的种子,乃是由于不能坏的种子,是借着神活泼常存的道。  彼前1:23

1.神的话使我们得重生,且维系我们的生命;人活着,不是单靠食物,乃是靠神口里所出的一切话。太 4:4

2.神的道是活泼的,是有功效的,比一切两刃的剑更快,能显明并分辨一切。来 4:12

3.神的话永存不废。太24:35;赛40:8.

(每年一遍 Bible in One Year:耶Jeremiah 51-52)

2023年8月23日我心靠神言喜乐   

耶15:15-16;结2:8,3:1-3;罗8:6;伯23:12;诗119:103

1.二位先知耶利米和以西结,无论多艰难都胜过了,我们也能,因神同在,赐神言为灵粮. 耶15:15-16

·哀哭先知耶利米求神记念他为神受逼迫凌辱。15

· 耶和华万军之神啊,我得着你的言语,就当食物吃了,你的言语是我心中的欢喜快乐,因我是称为你名下的人。16

2.先知以西结听神的话。结2:8,3:1-3

·人子啊,要听我对你所说的话,不要悖逆像那悖逆之家,你要开口吃我所赐给你的。    

·人子啊,要吃我所赐给你的这书卷,充满你的肚腹。我就吃了,口中觉得其甜如蜜。.

感谢主赐恩言:体贴肉体的,就是死;体贴圣灵的,乃是生命、平安。使我看重你口中的言語,過於我需用的飲食。因你的言語在我上膛何等甘美,在我口中比蜜更甜!罗8:6;伯23:12;诗119:103

(每年一遍:耶49-50)

2023年8月17日 照圣言祷告 

西1:11-13

  1. 照祂荣耀的权能,得以在各样的力上加力,好叫我们凡事欢欢喜喜地忍耐宽容。

·求主怜悯:照祂荣耀的权能,得以在各样的力上加力,因我灵性与身体都软弱。. 

·忍耐需信心能力,宽容需爱心能力。

·欢欢喜喜忍耐宽容是真爱心。

  2. 又感谢父,叫我们能与众圣徒在光明中同得基业、祂救我们脱离黑暗权势,把我们迁入祂爱子的光明国度。12-13

·喜乐颂赞感谢至大的神,引我们进入與神亲密相交祷告的高峰。

·基督是众圣徒的份,同享基督之爱。

·行在基督的光中,同得基业。弗5:8-14

·与众圣徒同蒙恩惠,学会同工同作仆人。西1:7; 4:7  .

  3. 照以上经节祷告

·靠主常常喜乐,在逆境中。腓4:4

· 喜乐的心乃是良药,忧伤的灵使骨枯干。箴17:22

·感谢神赐我们主基督为榜样,效法主轻看十架痛苦、逆境中靠主喜乐、喜乐是真爱真顺服。来12:2

(每年一遍:耶28-30)

2023年8月16日祷读为真认识神  

西1:9-10

1.自从听见的日子,不住地祷告祈求,愿你们在一切属灵的智慧悟性上,满心知道神的旨意。9

·求明白神旨意/不作胡涂人,神喜悦我们明白祂旨意。弗 5:17

·祷告祈求不是向神说,而是听神说。

·灵性长进不出于人,乃出于神的工作。 

·谦卑寻求必得从上来的智慧,在真道上更认识神。太11:25-26;雅3:17

·满有神的真知识/行在神旨意中。

2. 好叫我们行事为人对得起主,凡事蒙祂喜悦/在一切善事上结果子,渐渐地多知道神。10,加5:22-23

·真认识神,不能单凭推理和理论,要有顺服神的行事为人。

·真认识神,才能分辨异端,行事为人对得起主。

·要对得起主,照神旨意,不照己意或热心。

·在一切善事上结果,经历中更认识神。

·渐渐地多知道神,逐日累积渐进。

(每年一遍:耶25-27)

2023年8月15日操练爱  

可12:30-31;罗12:9-21,13:8;约一3:18;太19:7; 弗2:3;5:1; 1 5:16-18

操练爱有三 

  1.你要尽心、尽性、尽意、尽力爱主你的神,爱邻舍如自己。可12:30-31

  2.与肢体之间彼此相爱。 罗12:9-21

·爱人不可虚假;恶要厌恶,善要亲近/不只在言语,总在行为诚实上,只有神是善的,要圣洁效法神、凭爱心行事。9, 约一 3:18,太 19:7; 弗 5:1

·爱弟兄,要彼此亲热;恭敬人,要彼此推让,从心里看人比己强,看别人重要。10; 弗2:3

·殷勤不可懒惰。要心里火热,常常服事主,凡事都不可亏欠人,惟彼此相爱,要常以为亏欠,因爱就完全了律法。11;罗13:8

·在指望中要喜乐,在患难中要忍耐,祷告要恒切/常常喜乐,不住禱告,凡事謝恩。12, 帖前5:16-18

  3.对不同意见者,对立者,相敬友爱。17-21

·超越: 逼迫你的,要祝福/愿他得永生在主里。14

·同感: 与喜乐的同乐。15

·谦卑: 彼此同心,不志气高大。16

·容让: 不以恶报恶,美事留心作。17

(每年一遍:耶22-24)

2023年8月14 日活在神前  

彼前3:14-22;箴10:8,17;诗90:12,14

主引我们活在神前 

1.为义受苦是神的旨意。14-17

·不怕为义受苦。14

·心里尊主基督为圣。15

·守着无亏的良心。16

·甘愿行神的旨意。17

2.基督为救罪人受苦。18-22

·祂受苦因义者代赎不义罪人,为要引我们到神前。18

·结果肉体虽死,按灵却复活。18

·在神右边,万灵都服从祂。19-22

祈祷Prayer

·求主赐智慧的心领受诫命,谨守主训在生命道上。箴 10:8,17

·求主教我们数算己日,得主智慧的心,使我们饱得永约之爱。诗90:12,14

(每年一遍:耶18-21)

作者:屬愛主、昆西团契

責任編輯:陳一萍

研讀聖經並珍愛其全部價值

⸺評讀經的藝術

周安娜

前言:

今年年初,潘儒達牧師主日講道提到《讀經的藝術:瞭解聖經指南How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth》,引起我求一萍師母。她即借書郵來,並附親筆信。聖靈提醒吾師誠懇勉勵之心,不敢懈怠,日讀5頁隨筆摘記,仍感虧欠,故寫此評,銘感作者及譯者、我們的牧師教師,願有心讀者發掘聖經珍貴的全部價值。

本書出於二位資深聖經學者,教授兼牧師,戈登.費依(Gordon D. Fee, 1934–2022)和道格樂思.史督華(Douglas Stewart,1943– );前者為加拿大維真神學院(Regent College) 新約教授,後者為美國康威爾神學院(Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary)舊約教授;他們曾分別完成由威斯敏斯特 (Westminster Press)出版、廣受歡迎的解經手冊:《新約解經手冊New Testament Exegesis》和《舊約解經手冊Old Testament Exegesis》 。因此,他們攜手合作此書,可視為研經最佳參考。至於二位譯者:魏啟源和饒孝榛夫婦,都是台北中華福音神學院校友兼教授,譯筆流暢;並且,魏啟源主修新約由戈登.費依親自教授,自是譯者最佳人選。總之,在出版的眾多解經書中,像他們這樣嚴肅的聖經學者所著的讀經指南,極少而難找。

概覽:

戈登費和史督華意圖寫出此書,有四個特色:

  1. 瀏覽內容提綱便知,這本書關注構成聖經的各種文體類型及其獨特處。就如研讀詩篇是研讀詩,研讀書信是研讀信。
  2. 他們反覆說明各類型的閱讀原則,同樣智慧地讀出其差別和難點,特別是對於非敘述性經文。
  3. 每章針對不同類型的釋經難點,都提供實例,進行分析。兩位教授都是信徒,注重順服聖經,謹慎而充分地理解。
  4. 作為教授聖經的學者兼講道牧師,因著解經緊迫性催生了此書。他們寫作特別對有應用問題的信徒有幫助,今世教會的緊急問題基本上是釋經和應用上的間隔,需要搭座橋樑,從聖經原文古時的情境,跨越到現代,今日對我們現實生活的意義。

本書內容包涵四部分:

1.  作者意圖提供學生必備基本概念和基礎知識。解釋聖經的必要和基本技能,介紹並比較譯本的差異和選擇。這是頭二章內容。

2.  作者用十章篇幅(3-13章),討論各類文學類型。根據個人專長,費教授寫第1-4,6-8,和13章,史教授寫第5,9-12章。他們都對對方篇章做出相當的貢獻。

3.  他們認為秘訣在於對每種類型提出正確問題,並注意作者在各章中所提供的原則、建議、和幫助。

4.  作為他們對學生的期望,引用奧古斯丁悔改時的一句童言,以資勉勵:拿起來讀(“Tolle, lege”)。聖經是神長存永活之言,所以,我們要研讀,理解、並順從聖經。

筆者認為本書內容結構可分為三部分:

第一部分,緒論:說明解經與釋經的重要性,並概括性介紹關鍵概念。這兩章備好解經基本概念和必要工具。

第1章,緒論:解釋的需要

第2章,基本工具:一本好的譯本 

第二部分,譯本選擇:討論譯本對於解釋聖經所產生的影響,並提供選擇譯本的參考依據。

這第二部分引起筆者注意的問題,反映在原著的2002年第三版和2013年第四版序言,作者將第二章做了大量修改,建議讀者選讀最新第四版,並用NIV譯本,理解閱讀第二章後半的好處。

此外,第四版序言提到過去用NIV1984版聖經,和第四版採用了NIV2011版譯本,是目前集中了福音派學者所做的最佳譯本。反映在2002年第三版序言中,他們感到另外的章節也需要大改,這是因為他們自身的成長,以及外部環境和讀者群的變化。

他們謙卑地承認他們在寫1981年第一版時,二人都出於解經貧乏且不幸常伴有解經錯誤的背景。引起他們大力避免某些謬誤。同時,也震驚於今日對聖經無知的人為數眾多之可怕。因此先關注如何讀好聖經,而不是過去的各種濫用經文。

第三部分,按文體類型介紹解經原則。這部分我花費了最多的時間,對照每處經文實例,寫了必要的詳細學習筆記。

1.書信(第3,4章):學習根據上下文及情境來思考;釋經的問題。

2.舊約敘事(第5章):它們的適當用途。

3.使徒行傳(第6章):歷史先例、歷史教訓

4.福音書(第7章):一個故事,許多方面

5.比喻(第8章):你瞭解重點嗎?

6.律法書(第9章):給以色列人的契約規定

7.先知書(第10章):在以色列執行盟約

8.詩篇(第11章):以色列人和我們的禱告 

9.智慧書(第12章):過去和現在

10.啟示錄(第13章):審判與希望之意象

          附錄: 註釋書的評估與使用

           英文聖經譯本的縮寫和中譯名 

綜論:

這本少見暢銷解經書,已發行40多年。所評聖經導讀:解經原則(第三版,1981)(簡體),及原著 How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth(4th Edition,2013)。它概述聖經各書卷的主要文體類型,並闡述不同類型的解經原則及應用。比如詩不同於散文,比喻不同於歷史。即使同為福音書,對同一事件如了解不同敘述,如何了解更得當。每章都提供實例分析,幫助讀者切實學會解讀聖經。附錄《註釋書的評估與使用》有助得到相應書卷的主要註釋書。筆者願將這少有的佳作薦與讀者。一讀就因其實用價值,購來原著(第四版,2013)對照讀340頁,摘錄50頁。開始欣賞新法研讀,更深入去明白神的話,更多享受神的話中的愛,更認識主,來敬拜服事愛我們的主和主所愛的人。

作為一個認真的讀者和實行者,我感覺本書解明應用的難點略顯不足,然而相當重要,體恤到作者年事已高,未得機會進一步解釋,用意猶有未盡之處:莫作教義代十架福音的部分。比如: 詩篇,箴言,傳道書,以及雅歌等經文,不適合用作福音教義。他們或許意識到,未得機會進一步闡述,如前在第三版序言提及,有過經文濫用,但不如強調怎樣讀好聖經。

最後,請容我用戈登費老師的一段文字來結束此書評:作為燃燒的新約學者,他認為閱讀聖經是一個與神相遇的過程。他寫道:當我們帶著無法言喻的驚嘆坐在神前,註解聖經會碩果累累,我們須用心聆聽這些話,沉浸在神的榮耀中,必對神豐盛的榮耀無比敬畏,我們必再思這奇妙可畏之事:在基督耶穌裡,這些財寶也是我們的,我們就必敬拜這位永生神,必稱頌祂的榮耀。

作者:屬愛主團契

責任編輯:陳一萍

讀者回應:《讀經的藝術》為不可多得的讀經伴侶(潘瀾)

《讀經的藝術》對我認識聖經的影響之大,言語難以形容。例如第九章總結基督徒如何理解並應用舊約律法的12條準則,警戒錯誤應用經文造成的律法主義禁錮,幫助基督徒認識到在神的家中應存兒女的心,而不是奴僕的心(羅8:15)。

我同意書評作者對聖經譯本和書的版本的觀點。本書原著初版於1981,再版1993,三版2003,四版2014。台灣華神1999年出版的《讀經的藝術》基於二版。上海人民出版社在2011年出版基於第三版的更新譯本《聖經導讀:解經原則》,在魏啓源、饒孝榛兩位譯者之後增加了第三位譯者王愛玲。第四版的英文前言中說,從2003到2014 短短10多年之間,不僅書中不少參考書需要更新,也結合了新的新國際英語譯本(NIV 2011),並強調讀經像讀書,不注重標出的數字章節,而是鼓勵讀者將一部書一氣呵成讀完。因為作者也是NIV各譯本的主要編輯,所以他們把《讀經的藝術》的原則也用聖經譯本翻譯過程中。

我覺得把《讀經的藝術》定位為“聖經導讀”或者“讀經伴侶”比較合適。一般概念上的解經書,可能會讓普通讀者有敬而遠之的感覺。雖然此書從廣義上說,接近釋經的範疇(經文給讀者的信息)而不是解經(解釋經文的意思),把它定義為釋經學著作也會讓人誤解只是神學家感興趣的事,和一般信徒沒什麼關係。其實此書的最大貢獻,就是把一些常人無從下手的內容用淺顯易懂的方式解釋出來。所以無關乎“解經”和“釋經”的異同,以“聖經導讀”或者“讀經伴侶”稱呼此書似乎更符合作者的本意。

《讀經的藝術》有完整的線上教學課程,不少教會也以此作為讀經入門的主日學教材。願主能夠讓藉此書更好裝備CBCGB信徒,讓我們正確理解神藉著聖經向當代人所傳達的信息,使我們在多變的世代走在神不變的旨意中。

Read the Bible to Cherish Its Whole Value

—Reflecting  “How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth”

Anna Zhou

It originated from the Sunday Sermon of January 9, 2023. Rev. Juta Pan mentioned the Bible study reference: How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth by G. D. Fee and D Stewart (“How to”).  His sermon provoked me to ask Mrs. Irene Chang for help. She borrowed the book from the church library and mailed it with a hand-written letter.  The Spirit’s reminder of my teacher’s encouragement in sincerity had been with me every so often, so I would not dare to be lazy. I read about 5 pages per day with notes after my daily Quiet Time. As I finished its 300+ pages, yet still felt in debt. Thus, I have decided to write this short review to express thanks to its authors and translator, our pastor and teacher, wishing to share the book with readers for them to discover the treasure, seeking the scripture for all its worth.

The book “How to” was authored by Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stewart. Both are well-known senior Bible scholars, professors and pastors. Gordon D. Fee New Testament Professor of Regent College, Canada. His publications: Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students; New Testament A Handbook for Students and Pastors;  Chief Editor: New International Commentary On the New Testament; Paul’s Letter to the Philippians (NICNT);1 and 2 Timothy, Titus (NIBC).

Co-author: Douglas Stewart, Old Testament Professor of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary. His publications: Old Testament Exegesis: A Primer for Students, Hosea-Jonah Word Biblical Commentary, Word Biblical Themes Hosea-Jonah, Ezekiel. Communicator’s Commentary, A Guide to Selecting and Using Bible Commentaries.

Overview:

The two authors wrote two widely accepted Bible manuals “New Testament Exegesis” and “Old Testament Exegesis published by Westminster Press”. They co-authored this book and it should be regarded as the most valuable reference for Bible study. Two translators Wei and Rao are fluent writers. The former was once the author’s student majoring in New Testament study, so would be the choice of the translator.  Among numerous published Bible literature, one could hardly find some good ones authored by serious Bible scholars like them.

The authors intended the book “How to” to feature four aspects:

  1. As one may note from a glance at the table of contents, the basic concern of this book is the understanding of different types of the literature (genre) that make up the Bible. It is to help the readers read and study the Psalms as poems, and the Epistles as letters.
  2. They have repeatedly given guidelines for studying each type (genre) of Scripture.  They are equally concerned with the intelligent reading of the Scripture to help the readers appreciate these differences so that they can aid intelligently and profitably the non-narrative parts of the Bible.
  1. Each chapter gives examples for analysis on the tough points, according to respective literature types. The two professors are believers, who think we should obey the biblical texts and have great desire to understand as carefully and as fully as possible what it is that we are to know about God and his will in the 21st century.
  2. The great urgency that gave birth to this book is hermeneutics; they wrote especially to help believers wrestle with questions of applications.  Many of the urgent problems in the church today are basically struggles with bridging the hermeneutical gap with moving from “then and there” of the original text to the “here and now of our own life settings”.

The content of this book contain three parts:

  1. The authors intended to provide students with basic concepts and knowledge of hermeneutics with necessary and basic skill sets to interpret the Bible, with introduction and comparison of different translation versions. These are the contents of the first two chapters.  
  2. They used the next ten chapters, Ch. 3 to 10, to discuss individual literature types of the scripture. Based on their respective expertise, Gordon Fee wrote the Chapters 1-4, 6-8, and 13. Douglas Stewart the Chapters 5, 9-12.
  3. They thought the secret is to raise the correct questions, according to each literature type, paying attention to the principles, suggestions and helping points, provided by the authors in individual chapters.

For their encouragement to students, they quoted the words of the child that moved Augustine to read a passage from Romans at his conversion experience, they say, “Tolle, lege”, i.e  “Take up and read.” The Bible is God’s eternal living Word. Read it, understand it, and obey it.

Its content structure contains three parts:

Part I. Introduction: Explain the importance of the exegesis and the hermeneutics. And, generally introduce some key concepts.  These two chapters are preparing basic concepts and essential tool boxes.

Ch.1. Introduction: The Need to Interpret the Scripture
Ch. 2. The Basic Tool: A Good Translation

Part II. On Choosing A Translation: Discussions to help students choose a translation, and the authors gave their suggestion that the current NIV (2011), a committee translation by the best scholarship in the evangelical tradition is as good a translation as you can get.  Reflected in the third preface, they felt other chapters needed some overhaul as well. This reflected their own growth and what they perceived to be a change in the climate and makeup of the readership over the past two decades. They were humbled about their background where poor interpretation of Scripture was unfortunately a frequent phenomenon. That caused them in some chapters to lean heavily toward how NOT to read certain genres. Their sense is that many of today’s readership know less about these poor ways of “doing Bible”, in part because we are also going through a period where we find a frighteningly large number of people who, by and large, are biblically illiterate. So in some chapters , they changed decidedly toward how to read well, with less emphasis on the ways texts were abused in the past.

Part III. Introduction: The Principles of Interpreting the Scripture, according to its Literature Type. In Part III much time was spent to take study notes of individual scripture examples, needed in detail, in the past several months. Briefly, it divided in 10 sections:

  1. The Epistles (Ch.3,4): Learning to Think Contextually;The Hermeneutical Questions
  2. The Old Testament Narratives: Their Proper Use
  3. Acts (Ch.6) : The Question of Historical Precedent
  4. The Gospels (Ch.7): A Story Many Dimensions
  5. The Parables (Ch.8): Do you Get the Point
  6. The Laws (Ch.9): Covenant Stipulations for Israel
  7. The Prophets (Ch.10): Enforcing the Covenant in Israel
  8. Psalms (Ch.11): Israel’s Prayer and Ours
  9. Wisdom (Ch.12): Then and Now
  10. Revelation (Ch.13): Images of Judgment and Hope

Appendix: The Evaluation and Use of Commentaries

Scripture Index and Names Index

Summary: 

This book “How to” the Bible reading guide is among the best sellers for over four decades. It outlines different types of literature. It explained individual type’s interpreting principles and applications.  Poetry reading differs from prose. Even reading the Book of Gospel, how we should properly understand the same story in some different narrative. Each chapter provided a real example’s analysis, to help readers to really learn how to interpret the Scripture, Appendix: The Evaluation and Use of Commentaries helps to get the important reference for each Bible volume. I am eager to recommend this outstanding book to readers. Once I read the first few pages, I ordered its original English version, the 4th edition published in 2013. The 4th edition has sold out nearly a million copies since.  I completed reading it with 50-page notes in a few months. I really enjoy studying the Bible with new ways to go deeper in understanding God’s Word in love, for knowing Him better to worship and serve our Lord and His beloved.

As a serious reader and practitioner, I felt that the book explains difficult points somewhat insufficiently but rather significantly. Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon-these books may not be used as gospel doctrine, as the scripture abuse was mentioned in the 3rd preface. I realized that the authors had sensed that and but not yet got the chance to elaborate, considering his senior age with extremely heavy responsibilities. 

Finally, please allow me to end this book review with Gordon Fee’s writing. As a New Testament scholar on fire, he believed Scripture was an encounter with God. He wrote, “We bring our exegesis to fruition when we ourselves sit with unspeakable wonder in the presence of God, we must hear the words with our hearts, we must bask in God’s own glory, we must be moved to a sense of overwhelming awe at God’s riches in glory, we must think again on the incredible wonder that these riches are ours in Christ Jesus, and we must then worship the living God by singing praises to His glory.” 

Reader Response: “How to Read the Bible” Is An Excellent Bible Reading Companion (Lance Pan)

“How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth” impacted my understanding of the Bible beyond description. For example, in Chapter 9 the authors offer a 12-point summary of the dos and don’ts when Christians seek to understand the Old Testament law. These practical principles help us ward off legalism stemming from erroneous applications of Scriptures, and let us realize that through the Holy Spirit we are adopted to sonship in God’s family, and not as slaves living in fear (Romans 8:15).

 I agree with the reviewer’s views on Bible translations and the book’s editions. The first edition of the book was published in 1981, republished in 1993, the third in 2003, and fourth in 2014. 讀經的藝術, published by CES in 1999, was based on the second edition. In 2011, Shanghai People’s Publishing House published an updated translation titled 聖經導讀:解經原則 based on the third edition and adding a third translator, Wang Ailing, after the two translators Wei Qiyuan and Rao Xiaozhen. The preface to the fourth edition (English) states that in just over 10 years from 2003 to 2014, in addition to an updated bibliography, it incorporated the new International Version 2011 English Translation of the Bible. The authors stress their preference for reading the Bible like any other book, which is to ignore chapter and verse references and read through a whole book in one setting. As a member of the translation committee for NIV, Professor Fee incorporated some of the principles from How to Read the Bible in his translation process.

I find it appropriate to refer to the book as a “Bible Reading Guide” or a “Bible Reading Companion.” Biblical Interpretation of Biblical Exegesis sounds out of reach for ordinary readers. Although in a broad sense it is closer to the realm of hermeneutics (what the text means to the contemporary reader) rather than exegesis (the text’s original meaning), calling it a work of hermeneutics may also create an impression that it is a tool only for theologians and preachers, not lay believers. Since its greatest contribution lies in its plain language explanations of hard-to-understand concepts, calling it a reading guide or companion seems to be more in line with the authors’ original intent.

 A complete course material on “How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth” is available online. Many churches use it as a Sunday school textbook in introductory Bible teaching classes. May the Lord use it to equip CBCGB members, so that we may understand how God conveys His unchanging message of truth and love to the changing world.